解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The parapatric distribution of genetically divergent lineages in hybrid zones can be maintained by ecological differences (dispersal-independent 'ecotonal' hybrid zones), by frequency- and density-dependent interference when they intermingle and mate (dispersal-dependent 'tension' hybrid zones), or by both processes a...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800969
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive species are believed to spread through a process of stratified dispersal consisting of short-distance diffusive spread around established foci and human mediated long-distance jumps. Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius), native to South America, was introduced twice as an ornamental plant into Flor...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800936
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induced triploidy (3N) in salmon results from a blockage of maternal meiosis II, and hence provides a unique opportunity to study dosage effects on phenotypic variance. Chinook salmon families were bred using a paternal half-sib breeding design (62 females and 31 males) and half of each resulting family was treated to...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800941
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Empirical evidence is mounting to suggesting that genetic correlations between life-history traits are environment specific. However, detailed knowledge about the loci underlying genetic correlations in different environments is scant. Here, we studied the influence of temperature (12 degrees C and 24 degrees C) on th...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800929
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we show that sexual selection can have an effect on the rate of mutation. We simulated the fate of a genetic modifier of the mutation rate in a sexual population with and without sexual selection (modelled using a female choice mechanism). Female choice for 'good genes' should reduce variability among male subjec...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800921
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the evolution of female multiple mating (polyandry) is crucial for understanding sexual selection and sexual conflict. Despite this interest, little is known about its genetic basis or whether genetics influences the evolutionary origin or maintenance of polyandry. Here, we explore the quantitative genet...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800897
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural populations of the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus, Canidae, Carnivora) differ drastically in their reproductive strategy. Coastal foxes, which depend on stable food resources, produce litters of moderate size. Inland foxes feed on small rodents, whose populations are characterized by cycling fluctuation. In the ye...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800908
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the mating system of white spruce (Picea glauca) in a landscape fragmented by agriculture in northern Ontario, Canada. We sampled 23 stands that ranged in size from 1 to >500 trees isolated by 250-3000 m from the nearest other stand. Six polymorphic allozyme loci from four enzyme systems were used to genoty...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800886
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Self-incompatibility (SI) has been well studied in the genera Brassica and Arabidopsis, which have become models for investigation into the SI system. To understand the evolution of the SI system in the Brassicaceae, comparative analyses of the S-locus in genera other than Brassica and Arabidopsis are necessary. We re...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800854
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Echinoderms represent a researchable subset of a dynamic larval evolutionary cosmos. Evolution of echinoderm larvae has taken place over widely varying time scales from the origins of larvae of living classes in the early Palaeozoic, approximately 500 million years ago, to recent, rapid and large-scale changes that ha...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800866
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a new model for mating system analysis, which attempts to distinguish among alternative modes of self-oriented mating within populations. This model jointly estimates the rates of outcrossing, selfing, automixis and apomixis, through the use of information in the family structure given by dominant ge...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800844
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haplodiploidy is one of the most widespread mechanisms of sex determination in animals. In many Hymenoptera, including all hitherto investigated social species, diploid individuals, which are heterozygous at the sex locus, develop as females, whereas haploid, hemizygous individuals develop as males (single-locus compl...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800846
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A parallel study of the genetic structure of two oligophagous species associated with the same hosts was conducted to determine the main factors shaping the distribution of genetic diversity. The bark beetle Tomicus piniperda and the pine processionary moth (PPM) Thaumetopoea pityocampa are both associated with the ge...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800836
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flowering time differences between metal-tolerant and nontolerant populations of the grass Anthoxanthum odoratum growing across a mine boundary have persisted for over 40 years. These flowering time differences result in a high degree of prezygotic genetic isolation (isolation index=0.43) between the tolerant mine pop...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800835
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of nuclear genealogies in natural populations of nonmodel organisms is expected to provide novel insights into the evolutionary history of populations, especially when developed in the framework of well-established mtDNA phylogeographical scenarios. In the Iberian Peninsula, the endemic Schreiber's green liz...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800823
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The parasitoid Cotesia glomerata usually produces female-biased sex ratios in the field, which are presumably caused by inbreeding and local mate competition (LMC); yet, sibling mating increases the production of males, leading to the male-biased sex ratio of broods in the laboratory. Previous studies have suggested t...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800829
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary sex-determining signal in the haplodiploid wasp Nasonia vitripennis is not known. In haplodiploid reproduction, unfertilized eggs typically develop into uniparental haploid males and fertilized eggs into biparental diploid females. Although this reproductive strategy is common to all Hymenoptera, sex-deter...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800810
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apomixis is a mode of asexual reproduction through seed. Progeny produced by apomixis are clonal replicas of a mother plant. The essential feature of apomixis is that embryo sacs and embryos are produced in ovules without meiotic reduction or egg cell fertilisation. Thus, apomixis fixes successful gene combinations an...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800808
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many traits including shapes and colors of flowers, fruits and seeds in plants, as well as coat colors and some behavioral properties in animals, are recorded in discrete categories. If categories are ordered, genetic analyses of the categorical traits are often performed using the threshold model, which considers a l...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800783
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seed dormancy is a key adaptive trait under polygenic control in many plants. We introduced the chromosomal regions containing the dormancy QTLs qSD1, qSD7-1, and qSD12 from an accession of weedy rice into a nondormant genetic background to examine component genetic effects and their interactions with time of afterrip...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800757
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small populations of our study species Ranunculus reptans have reduced fitness because of inbreeding, genetic load, and reduced mate availability; that is, they suffer from a three-fold genetic Allee effect. Here, we investigate how the effect of interpopulation outbreeding on offspring fitness depends on population s...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800732
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wolbachia are symbiotic bacteria that induce a diversity of phenotypes on their numerous invertebrate host species. In the wasp Asobara tabida (Braconidae), each individual harbours three Wolbachia strains: wAtab3, which is required for host oogenesis, and wAtab1 and wAtab2, that do not have this function but induce c...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800739
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wolbachia is an intracellular endosymbiont that induces a variety of reproductive alterations in diverse arthropods. The almond moth, Cadra cautella, is double infected with two Wolbachia variants, wCauA and wCauB, and expresses complete cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). The individual contribution of wCauA and wCauB ...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800737
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The theoretical impacts of anthropogenic habitat degradation on genetic resources have been well articulated. Here we use a simulation approach to assess the magnitude of expected genetic change, and review 31 studies of 23 neotropical tree species to assess whether empirical case studies conform to theory. Major diff...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800725
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Correlated multiple testing is widely performed in genetic research, particularly in multilocus analyses of complex diseases. Failure to control appropriately for the effect of multiple testing will either result in a flood of false-positive claims or in true hits being overlooked. Cheverud proposed the idea of adjust...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800717
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the silkworm, Bombyx mori, the female is the heterogametic (ZW) sex and the male is homogametic (ZZ). The female heterogamety is a typical situation in the insect order Lepidoptera. Although the W chromosome in silkworm is strongly female determining, no W-linked gene for a morphological character has been found on...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800700
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cuticular colour in the mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) is a quantitative trait, varying from tan to black. Population level variation in cuticular colour has been linked to pathogen resistance in this species and in several other insects: darker individuals are more resistant to pathogens. Given that cuticular col...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800675
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sperm competition is a potent evolutionary force shaping the reproductive biology of most animal species. Here, we estimated the heritability of sperm competition success in the promiscuous bulb mite Rhizoglyphus robini. Sperm competition success was measured with the sterile male technique as the proportion of eggs f...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800649
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent molecular genetic analyses of Drosophila melanogaster and mouse central nervous system (CNS) development revealed strikingly similar genetic patterning mechanisms in the formation of the insect and vertebrate brain. Thus, in both insects and vertebrates, the correct regionalization and neuronal identity of the ...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800664
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::WOLBACHIA are maternally inherited bacteria, which are very common in arthropods and nematodes. Wolbachia infection may affect host reproduction through feminisation, parthenogenesis, male-killing, cytoplasmic incompatibility and increased fecundity. Previous studies showing discrepancies between the phylogenies of Wo...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800601
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The coefficient of variation of estimates of three genetic distances (standard genetic distance of Nei, chord distance, FST) was examined with computer simulation to determine if large samples (per population) are necessary to precisely estimate genetic distances at loci with high levels of polymorphism. These simulat...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800548
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patterns of pollen dispersal were investigated in a small, isolated, relict population of Pinus sylvestris L., consisting of 36 trees. A total-exclusion battery comprising four chloroplast and two nuclear microsatellites (theoretical paternity exclusion probability EP=0.996) was used to assign paternity to 813 seeds, ...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800542
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rainforests in Australia and around the world have been extensively cleared and degraded. It is essential to recognize the changes in population diversity and dynamics that follow habitat fragmentation if better conservation and management strategies are to be developed. This study is an investigation of the medium te...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800585
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of sexual selection in population divergence is of much interest, mainly because it is thought to cause reproductive isolation and hence could lead to speciation. Sexually selected traits have been hypothesized to diverge faster between populations than other traits, presumably because of differences in...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800519
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Propagation, dispersal, and establishment are fundamental population processes, and are critical stages in the life cycle of an organism. In symbiotic organisms such as lichens, consisting of a fungus and a population of photobionts, reproduction is a complex process. Although many lichens are able to reproduce both s...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800505
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the semienclosed Adriatic Sea, the shared stocks of the cephalopods Loligo vulgaris and Sepia officinalis represent important marine fisheries resources exploited by all coastal countries. The improving of knowledge on the demographic features of these shared stocks is internationally relevant for adopting responsi...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800489
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allele frequency differences between sexes and an excess of heterozygotes in males had suggested that the PEPB-1 locus is sex-linked in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). We here estimate less than 1% recombination between PEPB-1 and a growth hormone pseudogene known to be in the sex-determining region (SEX) i...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800483
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hieracium pilosella: (Asteraceae) was accidentally introduced to New Zealand about 100 years ago. Since then it has become an aggressive weed, and an unexpected degree of genetic and genome size variation has been detected; features that might result from interspecies hybridization. We investigated the possibility tha...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800476
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heritabilities of nectar production in the wild species Echium vulgare were estimated as realised heritability under controlled and field conditions. The nectar production of offspring from high- and low-nectar-producing parents was significantly different in both controlled and field conditions, indicating that necta...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800439
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated genetic diversity among and within natural populations of Asian common wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, from three different classes of data: quantitative traits, allozymes, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). The seven populations examined showed polymorphism to varying degrees. The amou...
journal_title:Heredity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800435
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00